Difference between revisions of "Quartz64 Installing Arch Linux ARM"

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{{note|This page is a work in progress. If you are not familiar with user-mode QEMU, wait for the 5.16 kernel release. Right now there's still an iffy step left: installing a custom kernel package to get it booting. This will no longer be necessary with Linux 5.16.}}
The articles explains the installation of Arch Linux ARM on the [[Quartz64]].


Commands to be run as a normal user are prefixed with <code>$</code>, commands to be run as root are prefixed with <code>#</code>. We assume your target device is <tt>/dev/sdb</tt>, adjust accordingly.
Commands to be run as a normal user are prefixed with <code>$</code>, commands to be run as root are prefixed with <code>#</code>. We assume your target device is <tt>/dev/sdX</tt>, adjust accordingly.


== Partitioning The Block Device ==
== Partitioning The Block Device ==


Here we assume your block device is <tt>/dev/sdb</tt>, adjust as needed.
Here we assume your block device is <tt>/dev/sdX</tt>, adjust as needed.


Create a new partition table:
Create a new partition table:


  # parted -s /dev/sdb mklabel gpt
  # parted -s /dev/sdX mklabel gpt


Create the partitions for loader and u-boot:
Create the partitions for loader and u-boot:
   
   
  # parted -s /dev/sdb unit s mkpart loader 64 8MiB
  # parted -s /dev/sdX mkpart loader 64s 8MiB
  # parted -s /dev/sdb unit s mkpart uboot 8MiB 16MiB
  # parted -s /dev/sdX mkpart uboot 8MiB 16MiB


Create the partition for u-boot's environment:
Create the partition for u-boot's environment:


  # parted -s /dev/sdb unit s mkpart env 16MiB 32MiB
  # parted -s /dev/sdX mkpart env 16MiB 32MiB


Create the "efi" boot partition and mark it as bootable:
Create the "efi" boot partition and mark it as bootable:


  # parted -s /dev/sdb unit s mkpart efi fat32 32MiB 544MiB
  # parted -s /dev/sdX mkpart efi fat32 32MiB 544MiB
  # parted -s /dev/sdb set 4 boot on
  # parted -s /dev/sdX set 4 boot on


Create the root partition:
Create the root partition:


  # parted -s /dev/sdb unit s mkpart root ext4 544MiB 100%
  # parted -s /dev/sdX mkpart root ext4 544MiB 100%


=== Creating The File Systems ===
=== Creating The File Systems ===
Line 33: Line 33:
Now create the file systems for boot and root:
Now create the file systems for boot and root:


  # mkfs.vfat -n "efi" /dev/sdb4
  # mkfs.vfat -n "efi" /dev/sdX4
  # mkfs.ext4 -L "rootfs" /dev/sdb5
  # mkfs.ext4 -L "rootfs" /dev/sdX5


== Fetching and Flashing U-Boot ==
== Fetching and Flashing U-Boot ==
Line 48: Line 48:
Flash idblock.bin and uboot.img:
Flash idblock.bin and uboot.img:


  # dd if=artifacts/idblock.bin of=/dev/sdb1
  # dd if=artifacts/idblock.bin of=/dev/sdX1
  # dd if=artifacts/uboot.img of=/dev/sdb2
  # dd if=artifacts/uboot.img of=/dev/sdX2


== Fetching The Root File System Tarball ==
== Fetching The Root File System Tarball ==
Line 71: Line 71:
== Installing The Root File System ==
== Installing The Root File System ==


  # mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/alarm-root
  # mount /dev/sdX5 /mnt/alarm-root
  # mkdir /mnt/alarm-root/boot
  # mkdir /mnt/alarm-root/boot
  # mount /dev/sdb4 /mnt/alarm-root/boot
  # mount /dev/sdX4 /mnt/alarm-root/boot
  # bsdtar -xpf ArchLinuxARM-aarch64-latest.tar.gz -C /mnt/alarm-root
  # bsdtar -xpf ArchLinuxARM-aarch64-latest.tar.gz -C /mnt/alarm-root


Line 84: Line 84:
In <tt>/mnt/alarm-root/etc/fstab</tt>, put the lines
In <tt>/mnt/alarm-root/etc/fstab</tt>, put the lines


  PARTUUID=''root-uuid-here''  /      ext4    defaults        0      0
  PARTUUID=''root-uuid-here''  /      ext4    defaults        0      1
  PARTUUID=''boot-uuid-here''  /boot  vfat    defaults        0      1
  PARTUUID=''boot-uuid-here''  /boot  vfat    defaults        0      2


with your UUIDs in place of the placeholder.
with your UUIDs in place of the placeholder.
Line 99: Line 99:
   
   
  label l0
  label l0
  menu label Boot Arch Kernel SDMMC
  menu label Boot Arch Kernel
  linux /Image
  linux /Image
  fdt /dtbs/rockchip/rk3566-quartz64-a.dtb
  fdt /dtbs/rockchip/rk3566-quartz64-a.dtb
  append initrd=/initramfs-linux.img earlycon=uart8250,mmio32,0xfe660000 console=ttyS2,1500000n8 root=/dev/mmcblk0p5 rw rootwait
  append initrd=/initramfs-linux.img earlycon=uart8250,mmio32,0xfe660000 console=ttyS2,1500000n8 root=LABEL=rootfs rw rootwait


For eMMC instead of SD, replace <code>/dev/mmcblk0p5</code> with <code>/dev/mmcblk1p5</code>.
==== For Model B ====


For a different type of Quartz64 device (e.g. Model B) replace the <tt>fdt</tt> line with the appropriate <tt>/boot</tt>-relative path to the device tree.
Kernel 5.18 and 5.19 do not yet have the Quartz64 Model B device tree, however, you can add it manually to your install and adjust <tt>extlinux.conf</tt>:


{{note|Here's where you'd do the part I said was iffy and won't be necessary with 5.16 anymore. You'll need an Arch Linux or Manjaro system. If it's not an aarch64 system, you'll also need <tt>qemu-user-static</tt>. First, get [https://overviewer.org/~pillow/up/e96363af01/linux-aarch64-rc-5.16.rc4-1-aarch64.pkg.tar.zst the linux-aarch64-rc package I patched and built], then copy it somewhere into your mounted root.
Download it from here: https://overviewer.org/~pillow/up/5f1fabef1b/rk3566-quartz64-b.dtb (this is just linux-next with sd card speed changed to <tt>sd-uhs-sdr50</tt>)


Next, <code>arch-chroot</code> into the mounted root:
Copy it to <tt>/mnt/alarm-root/boot/dtbs/rockchip/rk3566-quartz64-b.dtb</tt>


<code># arch-chroot /mnt/alarm-root</code>
Then adjust your <tt>/mnt/alarm-root/boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf</tt>'s <tt>fdt</tt> line as follows:


and install the package
  fdt /dtbs/rockchip/rk3566-quartz64-'''b'''.dtb


<code># pacman -U linux-aarch64-rc-5.16.rc4-1-aarch64.pkg.tar.zst</code>
=== Finishing Up ===
 
Then <code>exit</code> the chroot again once it's done installing.
}}


Once done, unmount the partitions:
Once done, unmount the partitions:
 
  # umount /mnt/alarm-root/boot
  # umount /mnt/alarm-root/boot
  # umount /mnt/alarm-root
  # umount /mnt/alarm-root
Line 136: Line 133:


You are now ready to use Arch Linux ARM! Either delete or rename (and move the homedir of) the <code>alarm</code> user, and you're all set. Don't forget to install things like <code>sudo</code> and setting up sudo groups and such.
You are now ready to use Arch Linux ARM! Either delete or rename (and move the homedir of) the <code>alarm</code> user, and you're all set. Don't forget to install things like <code>sudo</code> and setting up sudo groups and such.
[[Category:Quartz64]] [[Category:Guide]] [[Category:Quartz64 Guides]]

Latest revision as of 19:02, 20 February 2023

The articles explains the installation of Arch Linux ARM on the Quartz64.

Commands to be run as a normal user are prefixed with $, commands to be run as root are prefixed with #. We assume your target device is /dev/sdX, adjust accordingly.

Partitioning The Block Device

Here we assume your block device is /dev/sdX, adjust as needed.

Create a new partition table:

# parted -s /dev/sdX mklabel gpt

Create the partitions for loader and u-boot:

# parted -s /dev/sdX mkpart loader 64s 8MiB
# parted -s /dev/sdX mkpart uboot 8MiB 16MiB

Create the partition for u-boot's environment:

# parted -s /dev/sdX mkpart env 16MiB 32MiB

Create the "efi" boot partition and mark it as bootable:

# parted -s /dev/sdX mkpart efi fat32 32MiB 544MiB
# parted -s /dev/sdX set 4 boot on

Create the root partition:

# parted -s /dev/sdX mkpart root ext4 544MiB 100%

Creating The File Systems

Now create the file systems for boot and root:

# mkfs.vfat -n "efi" /dev/sdX4
# mkfs.ext4 -L "rootfs" /dev/sdX5

Fetching and Flashing U-Boot

For this we'll use the precompiled idblock and u-boot from pgwipeout's CI.

Go to https://gitlab.com/pgwipeout/quartz64_ci/-/pipelines and click the three dots, download the merge-job artifacts.

Unzip them:

$ unzip artifacts.zip

Flash idblock.bin and uboot.img:

# dd if=artifacts/idblock.bin of=/dev/sdX1
# dd if=artifacts/uboot.img of=/dev/sdX2

Fetching The Root File System Tarball

Fetch the root filesystem tarball and the PGP signature

$ wget -N http://os.archlinuxarm.org/os/ArchLinuxARM-aarch64-latest.tar.gz{,.sig}

Fetch the gpg keys:

$ curl 'https://keyserver.ubuntu.com/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x68b3537f39a313b3e574d06777193f152bdbe6a6' | gpg --import=-

Compare the key ID provided in the above command with the one listed here: https://archlinuxarm.org/about/package-signing (Take good note of the domain and HTTPS)

Verify the tarball's authenticity

$ gpg --verify ArchLinuxARM-aarch64-latest.tar.gz.sig
Do not skip verifying the authenticity. This is important. It also protects you from prematurely aborted transfers giving you a corrupt archive.

Installing The Root File System

# mount /dev/sdX5 /mnt/alarm-root
# mkdir /mnt/alarm-root/boot
# mount /dev/sdX4 /mnt/alarm-root/boot
# bsdtar -xpf ArchLinuxARM-aarch64-latest.tar.gz -C /mnt/alarm-root

Editing fstab

Find your partition UUIDs for both partitions using lsblk:

$ lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,MOUNTPOINTS,PARTUUID

In /mnt/alarm-root/etc/fstab, put the lines

PARTUUID=root-uuid-here  /       ext4    defaults        0       1
PARTUUID=boot-uuid-here  /boot   vfat    defaults        0       2

with your UUIDs in place of the placeholder.

Writing extlinux.conf

Create a /mnt/alarm-root/boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf with these contents:

default l0
menu title Quartz64 Boot Menu
prompt 0
timeout 50

label l0
menu label Boot Arch Kernel
linux /Image
fdt /dtbs/rockchip/rk3566-quartz64-a.dtb
append initrd=/initramfs-linux.img earlycon=uart8250,mmio32,0xfe660000 console=ttyS2,1500000n8 root=LABEL=rootfs rw rootwait

For Model B

Kernel 5.18 and 5.19 do not yet have the Quartz64 Model B device tree, however, you can add it manually to your install and adjust extlinux.conf:

Download it from here: https://overviewer.org/~pillow/up/5f1fabef1b/rk3566-quartz64-b.dtb (this is just linux-next with sd card speed changed to sd-uhs-sdr50)

Copy it to /mnt/alarm-root/boot/dtbs/rockchip/rk3566-quartz64-b.dtb

Then adjust your /mnt/alarm-root/boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf's fdt line as follows:

 fdt /dtbs/rockchip/rk3566-quartz64-b.dtb

Finishing Up

Once done, unmount the partitions:

# umount /mnt/alarm-root/boot
# umount /mnt/alarm-root

Booting And Finishing Setup

Hook up your UART dongle to your Quartz64, open a serial terminal at 1.5mbauds. Install the SD card or eMMC module inside the Quartz64, and plug in the power.

Once you hit a login shell, log in as root with password root and run:

# pacman-key --init
# pacman-key --populate archlinuxarm

You are now ready to use Arch Linux ARM! Either delete or rename (and move the homedir of) the alarm user, and you're all set. Don't forget to install things like sudo and setting up sudo groups and such.