Difference between revisions of "Pinebook Pro Installing Arch Linux ARM"

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Commands to be run as a normal user are prefixed with <code>$</code>, commands to be run as root (or with <code>sudo</code>) are prefixed with <code>#</code>.
Commands to be run as a normal user are prefixed with <code>$</code>, commands to be run as root (or with <code>sudo</code>) are prefixed with <code>#</code>.
The target device is assumed to be <tt>/dev/sdb</tt>, adjust accordingly.
The target device is assumed to be '''/dev/sdb''', adjust accordingly.


== Partitioning ==
== Partitioning ==
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=== Creating the partitions ===
=== Creating the partitions ===
Use <code>fdisk</code> to add partitions to <tt>/dev/sdb</tt>.
Use <code>fdisk</code> to add partitions to '''/dev/sdb'''.


  # fdisk /dev/sdb
  # fdisk /dev/sdb


Create the <tt>/boot</tt> partition.
Create the '''/boot''' partition.
 
* Type '''n''' to create a new partition.
* Type '''n''' to create a new partition.
* Press enter for partition number two.
* Press enter for partition number two.
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* Type '''+256M''' to make the new partition 256 MiB.
* Type '''+256M''' to make the new partition 256 MiB.


Mark the <tt>/boot</tt> partition bootable.
Mark the '''/boot''' partition bootable.
 
* Type '''x''' to enter expert mode.
* Type '''x''' to enter expert mode.
* Type '''A''' to mark a partition bootable.
* Type '''A''' to mark a partition bootable.
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Create the root partition.
Create the root partition.
* Type '''n''' to create a new partition.
* Type '''n''' to create a new partition.
* Press enter for partition number three.
* Press enter for partition number three.
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Write the changes to disk.
Write the changes to disk.
* Type '''w''' to write the changes and exit.
* Type '''w''' to write the changes and exit.


=== Formatting the partitions ===
=== Formatting the partitions ===
Format the <tt>/boot</tt> partition as a filesystem supported by your U-Boot. ext4 is recommended:
Format the '''/boot''' partition as a filesystem supported by your U-Boot. ext4 is recommended:
  # mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2
  # mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2


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==== Editing fstab ====
==== Editing fstab ====
Find the partitions' UUIDs with <code>blkid</code>.
Find the partitions' UUIDs with <code>blkid</code>.
  # blkid /dev/sdb3 /dev/sdb2
  # blkid /dev/sdb3 /dev/sdb2


Example output:
Example output:
  /dev/sdb3: UUID="c1ec9712-5c64-46da-852c-9d665416e8a6" UUID_SUB="90e5b654-6967-471a-9d35-8997488b1ba8" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="btrfs" PARTUUID="885dd863-a550-2d47-89dd-f54fd6744ca5"
  /dev/sdb3: UUID="c1ec9712-5c64-46da-852c-9d665416e8a6" UUID_SUB="90e5b654-6967-471a-9d35-8997488b1ba8" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="btrfs" PARTUUID="885dd863-a550-2d47-89dd-f54fd6744ca5"
  /dev/sdb2: UUID="21bbff3f-b82e-416e-93c8-e6d44c3daf82" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="be571200-1a56-5d4c-9a5b-88a5f36a295e"
  /dev/sdb2: UUID="21bbff3f-b82e-416e-93c8-e6d44c3daf82" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="be571200-1a56-5d4c-9a5b-88a5f36a295e"


Add the following lines to <tt>/mnt/etc/fstab</tt>, substituting the example UUIDs with those you received from <code>blkid</code>.
Add the following lines to '''/mnt/etc/fstab''', substituting the example UUIDs with those you received from <code>blkid</code>.
 
  UUID=c1ec9712-5c64-46da-852c-9d665416e8a6 /    btrfs defaults 0 1
  UUID=c1ec9712-5c64-46da-852c-9d665416e8a6 /    btrfs defaults 0 1
  UUID=21bbff3f-b82e-416e-93c8-e6d44c3daf82 /boot ext4  defaults 0 2
  UUID=21bbff3f-b82e-416e-93c8-e6d44c3daf82 /boot ext4  defaults 0 2
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==== Creating extlinux.conf ====
==== Creating extlinux.conf ====


Create a file <tt>/mnt/boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf</tt> with the following contents, replacing the example UUID with the one for <tt>/dev/sdb3</tt> from <code>blkid</code>.
Create a file '''/mnt/boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf''' with the following contents, replacing the example UUID with the one for '''/dev/sdb3''' from <code>blkid</code>.
  DEFAULT arch
  DEFAULT arch
  MENU TITLE Boot Menu
  MENU TITLE Boot Menu
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== Booting and finishing setup ==
== Booting and finishing setup ==
Boot into Arch Linux ARM and log in as <tt>root</tt> with password <tt>root</tt>.
Boot into Arch Linux ARM and log in as '''root''' with password '''root'''.


Initialize the pacman keyring.
Initialize the pacman keyring.
  # pacman-key --init
  # pacman-key --init
  # pacman-key --populate archlinuxarm
  # pacman-key --populate archlinuxarm


For security, change the default passwords for root and the default user <tt>alarm</tt>.
For security, change the default passwords for root and the default user '''alarm'''.
 
  # passwd
  # passwd
  # passwd alarm
  # passwd alarm

Latest revision as of 16:53, 4 April 2023

These instructions can be followed to install Arch Linux ARM on an SD Card, USB Flash Drive, eMMC, or even NVMe if your U-Boot supports it (example Tow-Boot on SPI).

Commands to be run as a normal user are prefixed with $, commands to be run as root (or with sudo) are prefixed with #. The target device is assumed to be /dev/sdb, adjust accordingly.

Partitioning

Flashing U-Boot

While any U-Boot for the Pinebook Pro can be used, this tutorial uses Tow-Boot. The process of installing Tow-Boot is different from any other U-Boot, so large parts of the partitioning section will need to be changed if you want to use something else. If you already have Tow-Boot installed via SPI, you can skip this step. Use fdisk to create a blank GPT partition table. /boot will be partition 1, and / will be partition 2.

Download and extract the latest release of Tow-Boot for the Pinebook Pro from https://github.com/Tow-Boot/Tow-Boot/releases.

$ wget https://github.com/Tow-Boot/Tow-Boot/releases/download/release-2021.10-004/pine64-pinebookPro-2021.10-004.tar.xz
$ tar xf pine64-pinebookPro-2021.10-004.tar.xz

Flash Tow-Boot to /dev/sdb (replace this with the device you actually intend to use).

# dd if=pine64-pinebookPro-2021.10-004/shared.disk-image.img of=/dev/sdb bs=1M oflag=direct,sync

This creates the partition table for the device, with the first partition serving to protect Tow-Boot. Do not move or write to this partition.

Creating the partitions

Use fdisk to add partitions to /dev/sdb.

# fdisk /dev/sdb

Create the /boot partition.

  • Type n to create a new partition.
  • Press enter for partition number two.
  • Press enter for the default start sector.
  • Type +256M to make the new partition 256 MiB.

Mark the /boot partition bootable.

  • Type x to enter expert mode.
  • Type A to mark a partition bootable.
  • Type 2 to select partition two.
  • Type r to exit expert mode.

Create the root partition.

  • Type n to create a new partition.
  • Press enter for partition number three.
  • Press enter for the default start sector.
  • Press enter to fill the rest of the device.

Write the changes to disk.

  • Type w to write the changes and exit.

Formatting the partitions

Format the /boot partition as a filesystem supported by your U-Boot. ext4 is recommended:

# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2

Format the root partition as any filesystem supported by Arch Linux ARM. btrfs for example:

# mkfs.btrfs /dev/sdb3

Installing the root filesystem

Mounting the partitions

# mount /dev/sdb3 /mnt
# mkdir /mnt/boot
# mount /dev/sdb2 /mnt/boot

Downloading and verifying the rootfs tarball

Download the tarball and its PGP signature.

$ wget http://os.archlinuxarm.org/os/ArchLinuxARM-aarch64-latest.tar.gz{,.sig}

Import the Arch Linux ARM signing key.

$ gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 68B3537F39A313B3E574D06777193F152BDBE6A6

Verify the tarball's authenticity.

$ gpg --verify ArchLinuxARM-aarch64-latest.tar.gz.sig

Verifying the authenticity of the tarball protects you in two ways:

  1. Makes sure the tarball came directly from Arch Linux ARM and was not tampered with
  2. Prevents you from using a corrupt tarball (for example from an interrupted download)

Extracting and configuring the root filesystem

Extracting the root filesystem

# bsdtar -xpf ArchLinuxARM-aarch64-latest.tar.gz -C /mnt

Editing fstab

Find the partitions' UUIDs with blkid.

# blkid /dev/sdb3 /dev/sdb2

Example output:

/dev/sdb3: UUID="c1ec9712-5c64-46da-852c-9d665416e8a6" UUID_SUB="90e5b654-6967-471a-9d35-8997488b1ba8" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="btrfs" PARTUUID="885dd863-a550-2d47-89dd-f54fd6744ca5"
/dev/sdb2: UUID="21bbff3f-b82e-416e-93c8-e6d44c3daf82" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="be571200-1a56-5d4c-9a5b-88a5f36a295e"

Add the following lines to /mnt/etc/fstab, substituting the example UUIDs with those you received from blkid.

UUID=c1ec9712-5c64-46da-852c-9d665416e8a6 /     btrfs defaults 0 1
UUID=21bbff3f-b82e-416e-93c8-e6d44c3daf82 /boot ext4  defaults 0 2

Creating extlinux.conf

Create a file /mnt/boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf with the following contents, replacing the example UUID with the one for /dev/sdb3 from blkid.

DEFAULT arch
MENU TITLE Boot Menu
PROMPT 0
TIMEOUT 50

LABEL arch
MENU LABEL Arch Linux ARM
LINUX /Image
INITRD /initramfs-linux.img
FDT /dtbs/rockchip/rk3399-pinebook-pro.dtb
APPEND root=UUID=c1ec9712-5c64-46da-852c-9d665416e8a6 rw

LABEL arch-fallback
MENU LABEL Arch Linux ARM with fallback initramfs
LINUX /Image
INITRD /initramfs-linux-fallback.img
FDT /dtbs/rockchip/rk3399-pinebook-pro.dtb
APPEND root=UUID=c1ec9712-5c64-46da-852c-9d665416e8a6 rw

Booting and finishing setup

Boot into Arch Linux ARM and log in as root with password root.

Initialize the pacman keyring.

# pacman-key --init
# pacman-key --populate archlinuxarm

For security, change the default passwords for root and the default user alarm.

# passwd
# passwd alarm

Congratulations, you have now installed Arch Linux ARM on your PineBook Pro!