User:Nuess0r/SandBox/Install Debian - Revision history

Nuess0r: Update installer download link

2024-11-17T21:31:05Z

Update installer download link

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:31, 17 November 2024
Line 145:		Line 145:
	Download the latest Debian installer for Risc-V targets:		Download the latest Debian installer for Risc-V targets:

	https://~~cdimage~~.debian.org~~/cdimage~~/daily-~~builds~~/daily/~~arch-latest/riscv64~~/iso~~-cd/~~		https://d-i.debian.org/daily-images/riscv64/daily/netboot/mini.iso

	====Linux====		====Linux====

	Use [https://github.com/balena-io/etcher Balena Etcha] or dd to write the installer image to your SD card or eMMC drive.		Use [https://github.com/balena-io/etcher Balena Etcha] or <code>dd</code> to write the installer image to your SD card or eMMC drive.

	$ sudo dd if=~~debian-testing-riscv64-netinst~~.iso of=/dev/sdX		$ sudo dd if=mini.iso of=/dev/sdX

	Where /dev/sdX is the path of your SD card or eMMC drive. Warning: Double check the device name! Otherwise you could accidentally overwrite your system drive!		Where <code>/dev/sdX</code> is the path of your SD card or eMMC drive. Warning: Double check the device name! Otherwise you could accidentally overwrite your system drive!

	====Windows====		====Windows====
Line 160:		Line 160:

	===Boot into Debian Installer===		===Boot into Debian Installer===
			[[File:Debian-Grub 20241117 144136.png\|300px\|thumb\|right\|Debian installer GRUB menu]]

	Insert your SD card or eMMC drive into the Star64 and switch it on.		Insert your SD card or eMMC drive into the Star64 and switch it on. After u-boot is finished you should see a GRUB menu where you can select ''install'' and other entries for more options.

Nuess0r: minor clean up

2024-11-08T07:50:04Z

minor clean up

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:50, 8 November 2024
Line 52:		Line 52:
	Next in your home directory (<code>/home/user</code>) create a folder called <code>tftp_share</code>		Next in your home directory (<code>/home/user</code>) create a folder called <code>tftp_share</code>
	$ mkdir /home/user/tftp_share		$ mkdir /home/user/tftp_share
	In this folder, download the <code>.bin.normal.out</code> SPL file and the <code>.~~img~~</code> U-Boot image using <code>wget</code>.		In this folder, download the <code>u-boot-spl.bin.normal.out</code> SPL file and the <code>u-boot.itb</code> U-Boot image using <code>wget</code>.
	$ cd /srv/tftp		$ cd /srv/tftp
	$ sudo wget <nowiki>https://freeshell.de/e/riscv64/u-boot-20241028-428921_429908_429906_ocloaderase.zip</nowiki>		$ sudo wget <nowiki>https://freeshell.de/e/riscv64/u-boot-20241028-428921_429908_429906_ocloaderase.zip</nowiki>
	$ sudo unzip <nowiki>u-boot-20241028-428921_429908_429906_ocloaderase.zip</nowiki>		$ sudo unzip <nowiki>u-boot-20241028-428921_429908_429906_ocloaderase.zip</nowiki>

	Before connecting to the Star64 and updating the firmware install ~~minicom~~, virtual console software, so it will be possible to communicate with the Star64.		Before connecting to the Star64 and updating the firmware install screen, virtual console software, so it will be possible to communicate with the Star64.
	$ sudo apt update && sudo apt install ~~minicom~~		$ sudo apt update && sudo apt install screen
	Next connect your USB to TTL UART adapter to the computer and list the connected serial devices.		Next connect your USB to TTL UART adapter to the computer and list the connected serial devices.

	Find the address of the TTL UART to USB adapter in the list (example: <code>ttyUSB0</code>) and connect to the serial device with a baud rate of 115200.		Find the address of the TTL UART to USB adapter in the list (example: <code>ttyUSB0</code>) and connect to the serial device with a baud rate of 115200.
	$ ~~sudo minicom -D~~ /dev/<Device Address> -b 115200		$ screen /dev/<Device Address> 115200
	Where <code><Device Address></code> is the address found in the step above. <span class="mw-customtoggle-device-address-toggle" style="text-decoration:underline;color:#0645ad">Example</span>		Where <code><Device Address></code> is the address found in the step above. <span class="mw-customtoggle-device-address-toggle" style="text-decoration:underline;color:#0645ad">Example</span>
	<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" id="mw-customcollapsible-device-address-toggle">		<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" id="mw-customcollapsible-device-address-toggle">
	$ ~~sudo minicom -D~~ /dev/ttyUSB0 -b 115200		$ screen /dev/ttyUSB0 115200
	</div>		</div>

Line 112:		Line 112:
	First, initialize the flash with the <code>sf probe</code> command.		First, initialize the flash with the <code>sf probe</code> command.
	# sf probe		# sf probe

	The output should be something like:		The output should be something like:
	<pre>		<pre>
Line 117:		Line 118:
	SF: Detected gd25lq128 with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 16 MiB		SF: Detected gd25lq128 with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 16 MiB
	</pre>		</pre>

	Next copy the SPL <code>.bin.normal.out</code> file to memory address 0xa0000000 from our TFTP server.		Next copy the SPL <code>.bin.normal.out</code> file to memory address 0xa0000000 from our TFTP server.
	# tftpboot 0xa0000000 ${serverip}:~~[name of fishwaldo~~ spl ~~file]~~		# tftpboot 0xa0000000 ${serverip}:u-boot-spl.bin.normal.out

	Where ${serverip} is the environment variable we set earlier, no need to change it.		Where ${serverip} is the environment variable we set earlier, no need to change it.
	Then use <code>sf update</code> to erase and update the SPI flash from memory. In this case we are copying from memory address 0xa0000000 which we wrote to earlier with an offset of 0x0.		Then use <code>sf update</code> to erase and update the SPI flash from memory. In this case we are copying from memory address 0xa0000000 which we wrote to earlier with an offset of 0x0.
Line 125:		Line 128:

	Next, copy the U-Boot <code>.img</code> binary to memory address 0xa0000000 from the TFTP server.		Next, copy the U-Boot <code>.img</code> binary to memory address 0xa0000000 from the TFTP server.
	# tftpboot 0xa0000000 ${serverip}:~~[name of fishwaldo uboot image]~~		# tftpboot 0xa0000000 ${serverip}:u-boot.itb
	Where ${serverip} is the environment variable we set earlier, no need to change it.		Where ${serverip} is the environment variable we set earlier, no need to change it.

	Finally, write the new U-Boot binary using <code>sf update</code> from memory address 0xa0000000 with an offset of 0x100000.		Finally, write the new U-Boot binary using <code>sf update</code> from memory address 0xa0000000 with an offset of 0x100000.
	# sf update 0xa0000000 0x100000 $filesize		# sf update 0xa0000000 0x100000 $filesize


	Reboot the Star64 and the changes should have taken effect.		Reboot the Star64 and the changes should have taken effect.
Line 140:		Line 142:

	===Prepare Debian Installation Media===		===Prepare Debian Installation Media===

			Download the latest Debian installer for Risc-V targets:

	https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/daily-builds/daily/arch-latest/riscv64/iso-cd/		https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/daily-builds/daily/arch-latest/riscv64/iso-cd/

	====Linux====		====Linux====
	dd if=debian-testing-riscv64-netinst.iso of=/dev/sdX
			Use [https://github.com/balena-io/etcher Balena Etcha] or dd to write the installer image to your SD card or eMMC drive.

			$ sudo dd if=debian-testing-riscv64-netinst.iso of=/dev/sdX

			Where /dev/sdX is the path of your SD card or eMMC drive. Warning: Double check the device name! Otherwise you could accidentally overwrite your system drive!

	====Windows====		====Windows====
	Use etcher
			Use [https://github.com/balena-io/etcher Balena Etcha] to write the installer image to your SD card or eMMC drive.

	===Boot into Debian Installer===		===Boot into Debian Installer===

			Insert your SD card or eMMC drive into the Star64 and switch it on.


	Follow installation		Follow installation

Nuess0r: Initial stub

2024-11-03T15:24:03Z

Initial stub

New page

=Install Debian on Star64=
{{Under construction}}
{{Warning | Attempting these instructions may permanently brick (make nonfunctional) your device. Do not attempt unless you know what you are doing.}}
{{Warning | These instructions have not been tested or verified. Use at your own risk.}}

This how-to guides you through the process to install Debian SID (unstable) on your Star64.

==Prerequisites==
Required:
*Star64 SBC
*Micro SDcard or Pine64 eMMC module
*USB serial converter with TTL output (No RS232 converter)
*Ability to network the Star64 to a computer over ethernet (Switch, Ethernet cables,...)
*Ability to write Micro SDcards or if you have only the eMMC module you also need the Pine64 eMMC USB programmer
*Computer running Linux

==Update U-Boot and SPL==
The Star64 ships with an integrated 128 megabit (16 megabyte) SPI NOR flash. Loaded on this flash from the factory is firmware called U-Boot and SPL but an old version designed for the StarFive VisionFive 2 SBC which is incompatible with the Star64 mainline Linux kernel (>= 6.11). The SPL (Secondary Program Loader) is the software that loads U-Boot, which in turn loads the Linux kernel. It performs similar functions to the BIOS on x86 platforms.

There are two main ways to update the SPI flash. The first uses the <code>flashcp</code> command which requires the Star64 to first boot into an OS. This method requires an OS able to boot from the old u-boot like Pinix from fishwaldo but unfortunately it doesn't ship with flashcp. The other method requires only the ability to load U-Boot and uses TFTP and the U-Boot <code>tftpboot</code> command.

===Preparing The TFTP Server and UART Connection===
====Linux====
First, on your computer (not the Star64) install a TFTP server and <code>wget</code> if you do not already have it.
$ sudo apt update && sudo apt install tftpd-hpa wget
Next, check that the TFPT server is running using <code>systemctl</code>.
$ sudo systemctl status tftpd-hpa
This should output somethng like

<span style="color:#16c60c">●</span> tftpd-hpa.service - LSB: HPA's tftp server
Loaded: loaded (/etc/init.d/tftpd-hpa; generated)
Active: <span style="color:#16c60c">active (running)</span> since Sat 2023-06-10 20:51:28 CDT; 17min ago
Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
Process: 1016 ExecStart=/etc/init.d/tftpd-hpa start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Tasks: 1 (limit: 2306)
Memory: 588.0K
CPU: 23ms
CGroup: /system.slice/tftpd-hpa.service
└─1023 /usr/sbin/in.tftpd --listen --user tftp --address :69 --secure /srv/tftp

Jun 10 20:51:28 debian-bookworm systemd[1]: Starting tftpd-hpa.service - LSB: HPA's tftp server...
Jun 10 20:51:28 debian-bookworm tftpd-hpa[1016]: Starting HPA's tftpd: in.tftpd.
Jun 10 20:51:28 debian-bookworm systemd[1]: Started tftpd-hpa.service - LSB: HPA's tftp server.

If the service is not running, try
$ sudo systemctl start tftpd-hpa
and check the status again. If it is still not running please join the #star64 channel in the Pine64 IRC, Discord, or Matrix.

Next in your home directory (<code>/home/user</code>) create a folder called <code>tftp_share</code>
$ mkdir /home/user/tftp_share
In this folder, download the <code>.bin.normal.out</code> SPL file and the <code>.img</code> U-Boot image using <code>wget</code>.
$ cd /srv/tftp
$ sudo wget <nowiki>https://freeshell.de/e/riscv64/u-boot-20241028-428921_429908_429906_ocloaderase.zip</nowiki>
$ sudo unzip <nowiki>u-boot-20241028-428921_429908_429906_ocloaderase.zip</nowiki>

Before connecting to the Star64 and updating the firmware install minicom, virtual console software, so it will be possible to communicate with the Star64.
$ sudo apt update && sudo apt install minicom
Next connect your USB to TTL UART adapter to the computer and list the connected serial devices.

Find the address of the TTL UART to USB adapter in the list (example: <code>ttyUSB0</code>) and connect to the serial device with a baud rate of 115200.
$ sudo minicom -D /dev/<Device Address> -b 115200
Where <code><Device Address></code> is the address found in the step above. <span class="mw-customtoggle-device-address-toggle" style="text-decoration:underline;color:#0645ad">Example</span>
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" id="mw-customcollapsible-device-address-toggle">
$ sudo minicom -D /dev/ttyUSB0 -b 115200
</div>

====Windows====

First, install two pieces of software, [https://pjo2.github.io/tftpd64/ tftpd64], a TFTP server for windows, and [http://ttssh2.osdn.jp/index.html.en Tera Term], a virtual console for interacting with the Star64 in U-Boot.
Next on your desktop, create a folder called <code>tftp_share</code>
In this folder, place the the <code>u-boot-spl.bin.normal.out</code> SPL file and the <code>u-boot.itb</code> U-Boot image from [u-boot-20241028-428921_429908_429906_ocloaderase.zip this Zip file].

Next, load tftpd64 and configure the settings to have the "Current Directory" as the <code>tftp_share</code> folder on the desktop and "Server interfaces" is set to <code>127.0.0.1 Software Loopback Interface 1</code>. The path should look something like <code>C:\Users\${Username}\Desktop\tftp_share</code> where <code>${Username}</code> is your username on Windows.
[[File:Star64 tftpd64 settings.png|none|500px|thumb|left]]

TODO: Short intro how to use Putty.

===Updating the SPI Flash===

[[File:STAR64-serial-pins.jpg|400px|thumb|right|Serial pins on the STAR64 I/O connector]]

Next, connect a TTL UART to USB cable to to the Star64 with the GND cable on pin 6 of the GPIO header, TXD on pin 8, and RXD on pin 10 as well as Ethernet. Note that depending on your UART adapter you may have to switch TXD and RXD. Now power on the Star64 and enter U-Boot. You will need to press a key to prevent it from autobooting and instead enter the U-Boot command prompt.
Once you are in the U-Boot shell set some environment variables.
First, set the IP address of the Star64 and connect it to the network using the <code>dhcp</code> command.
# dhcp

Set an environment variable of the TFTP server to make future command easier. If you don't what the IP address of your TFTP server is you can see connected devices in your router's configuration which can usually be accessed by typing in the IP address found on the router itself.
# setenv serverip <server IP>
Where <code>server IP</code> is the IP address of the TFTP server. <span class="mw-customtoggle-set-ip-addr-toggle" style="text-decoration:underline;color:#0645ad">Example</span>
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" id="mw-customcollapsible-set-ip-addr-toggle">
# setenv serverip 192.168.1.199
</div>
Ping the TFTP server from the Star64 to make sure the connection works where <code><Server IP></code> refers to the IP address of your TFTP server. Note that if you are hosting the TFTP server on Windows, you may need to configure Windows firewall to allow <code>‘File and Printer Sharing (Echo Request – ICMPv4 – In)’</code>. This is only needed to test the network connection with <code>ping</code> and not for the actual <code>tftpboot</code> command so if <code>ping</code> fails <code>tftpboot</code> may still succeed.
# ping <server IP>
<span class="mw-customtoggle-ping-ip-addr-toggle" style="text-decoration:underline;color:#0645ad">Example</span>
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" id="mw-customcollapsible-ping-ip-addr-toggle">
# ping 192.168.1.199
</div>
The result should look something like this:
<pre>
Star64 # ping 192.168.1.199
Using ethernet@16030000 device
host 192.168.1.199 is alive
</pre>
If ping fails, please try again or please join the #star64 channel in the Pine64 IRC, Discord, or Matrix for help.

Finally, it is time to update the xSPI flash.

First, initialize the flash with the <code>sf probe</code> command.
# sf probe
The output should be something like:
<pre>
Star64 # sf probe
SF: Detected gd25lq128 with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 16 MiB
</pre>
Next copy the SPL <code>.bin.normal.out</code> file to memory address 0xa0000000 from our TFTP server.
# tftpboot 0xa0000000 ${serverip}:[name of fishwaldo spl file]
Where ${serverip} is the environment variable we set earlier, no need to change it.
Then use <code>sf update</code> to erase and update the SPI flash from memory. In this case we are copying from memory address 0xa0000000 which we wrote to earlier with an offset of 0x0.

# sf update 0xa0000000 0x0 $filesize

Next, copy the U-Boot <code>.img</code> binary to memory address 0xa0000000 from the TFTP server.
# tftpboot 0xa0000000 ${serverip}:[name of fishwaldo uboot image]
Where ${serverip} is the environment variable we set earlier, no need to change it.

Finally, write the new U-Boot binary using <code>sf update</code> from memory address 0xa0000000 with an offset of 0x100000.
# sf update 0xa0000000 0x100000 $filesize

Reboot the Star64 and the changes should have taken effect.

On your Linux host, disable the TFTP server again, when you don't need it anymore:
$ sudo systemctl disable tftpd-hpa

==Install Debian==

===Prepare Debian Installation Media===

https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/daily-builds/daily/arch-latest/riscv64/iso-cd/

====Linux====
dd if=debian-testing-riscv64-netinst.iso of=/dev/sdX

====Windows====
Use etcher

===Boot into Debian Installer===

Follow installation

In the tasks selection, enable SSH server

TODO: Notes on partitioning, how to use eMMC when installer is on eMMC.

===Final Steps===

Finish the installation" step of installer to ^a^n change 'screen' window over to command prompt in debian-installer and
$ cp -rT /target/lib/linux-image-*-riscv64 /target/boot/efi/dtb

[[Category:STAR64]]